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IPv4 Addresses Complete Guide: Notation, Validation and Fundamentals

Content Introduction

This comprehensive lecture covers IPv4 addressing fundamentals including the 32-bit structure, binary and dotted decimal notations, valid IP address ranges (0-255 per octet), and practical validation exercises to identify invalid IP addresses with detailed explanations.

Key Information

  • 1IPv4 addresses are 32-bit addresses divided into 4 octets of 8 bits each
  • 2Two main notations: Binary (01110101...) and Dotted Decimal (117.149.1.10)
  • 3Each octet must be between 0-255 for valid IP addresses
  • 4IPv4 address space allows over 4 billion unique addresses (2^32)
  • 5No leading zeros allowed in octets (045 becomes 45)
  • 6No mixing of binary and decimal notation in same address

Content Keywords

#32-bit IPv4 Address

IPv4 addresses consist of 32 binary bits organized into four 8-bit octets for network device identification

#Dotted Decimal Notation

Standard IP address format using four decimal numbers (0-255) separated by dots (e.g., 192.168.1.1)

#Octet Range Validation

Each of the four octets in an IPv4 address must be between 0 and 255 inclusive

#Binary Notation

Representation of IP addresses using 32 binary digits, often grouped into four 8-bit sections

#Network Address Translation

NAT technology that enables private IP addresses to be converted to public IP addresses for internet communication

#IP Address Uniqueness

Requirement that no two devices on the same network can have the same IP address simultaneously

Related Questions and Answers

Q1.What makes an IPv4 address valid or invalid?

A: Valid IPv4 addresses must have exactly four octets, each between 0-255, no leading zeros, and use consistent notation (either all binary or all decimal)

Q2.Why can't we have an octet value of 256 in an IPv4 address?

A: Each octet is 8 bits, allowing maximum decimal value of 255 (binary 11111111). 256 exceeds this 8-bit capacity

Q3.What is the purpose of Network Address Translation (NAT)?

A: NAT allows multiple devices with private IP addresses to share a single public IP address, solving IPv4 address scarcity and enabling internet connectivity

Q4.Why are leading zeros not permitted in IPv4 octets?

A: Leading zeros are redundant in decimal notation and can cause parsing errors. 045 should be written as 45

Q5.How many unique IPv4 addresses are possible?

A: 2^32 = 4,294,967,296 possible IPv4 addresses, though many are reserved for special purposes

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